- T. Glock, M. Kern, S. Otten, E. Sax, M. Hillenbrand, M. Huebner
Prozessanlagenplanung 2.0 - Netzarchitektur aus Verfahrensbeschreibung ableiten
In DIV Vulkan Verlag, atp edition, Band vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 28-39, S. 28-39, 2016
Zusammenfassung:
The planning of electrical cable networks and the selection of suitable devices in industrial processing plants is predominantly carried out manually. Model-based approaches and methods, as used for example in automotive electrical/electronic architectures, offer a promising way to reduce costs and improve quality. This article presents a methodology based on innovative methods and tools which supports the derivation and use of industrial plant networking architecture based on the process description.
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- T. Glock, M. Kern, S. Otten, E. Sax
Ableitung von modellbasierten industriellen Vernetzungsarchitekturen aus dem Rohrleitungs- und Instrumentenfließschema
In Automation 2016 Secure & reliable in the digital world, Band VDI-Bericht 2284, 2016
Zusammenfassung:
Die Planung von elektronischen Kabelnetzen, die die elektronische Realisierung der Verfahrensbeschreibung (Rohrleitungs- und Instrumenten Fließschema) in industriellen Prozessanlagen repräsentieren, erfolgt heute weitgehend manuell. Zu diesen Anlagen gehören zum Beispiel Raffinerien, kunststofferzeugende Fabriken und Lebensmittelgewerbe. Die Anforderungen an diese Anlagen sind unterschiedlich und liegen in der Regel nur als Text vor. Um den Aufwand zu reduzieren, die Kosten zu mindern und die Qualität zu erhöhen, sind modellbasierte Ansätze und Methoden, wie sie beispielsweise bereits in der Entwicklung von Elektrik-/Elektronik-Architekturen im Automobil eingesetzt werden, eine realistische Chance. Durchgängigkeit von den Anforderungen zur Realisierung, frühe Fehlerentdeckung und –behebung während der Planung von elektronischen Kabelnetzen sowie die Wiederverwendung von Bibliothekselementen sind das Ziel. So wird in diesem Beitrag dargelegt, wie mit Hilfe von Methoden und Tools der Automobil-Entwicklung neue Methoden für die unterstützende Planung von Industrieanlagen auf Basis der Verfahrensbeschreibung abgeleitet und genutzt werden können. Dabei fokussiert dieser Beitrag eine Methode zur automatisierten Erstellung von elektronischen Kabelnetzen (Vernetzungsarchitekturen) aus der Verfahrensbeschreibung. Ein Beispiel einer Mehrtankanlage, die als ein Bestandteil in Verfahren der Lebensmittelherstellung vorzufinden ist, rundet den Beitrag ab.
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- S. Werner, A. Lauber, M. Koedam, J. Becker, E. Sax, K. Goossens
Cloud-based Design and Virtual Prototyping Environment for Embedded Systems
In International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE), S. 52-60, 2016
Zusammenfassung:
The design and test of Multi-Processor System-on-Chips (MPSoCs) and development of distributed applications and/or operating systems executed on those hardware platforms is one of the biggest challenges in today’s system design. This applies
in particular when short time-to-market constraints impose serious limitations on the exploration of the design space. The use of virtual platforms can help in decreasing the development and test cycles. In this paper, we present a cloud-based environment supporting the user in designing heterogeneous MPSoCs and developing distributed applications. Therefore, the design environment generates virtual platforms automatically allowing fast prototyping cycles especially in the software development process, and exports the design to a hardware flow synthesizing compatible FPGA designs. Due to the ABI compatibility of the virtual and the physical system the software developed and compiled in the design environment can be used on both platforms without modifications. The extension of the peripheral models
with debug information supports the developer during test and debug cycles and avoids the need of adding special debug codes in the application. This improves the readability, portability and maintainability of produced software. Additionally, this paper presents the benefits of using cloud-based design environments in engineers’ trainings and educations. Therefore, the framework supports testing the system including complex software stacks with prerecorded data or testbenches. Besides this, the presented design environment has a user management system which allows to
specify different roles allowing the owner of one project to restrict visibility and access rights to particular parts of the design flow. This allows to generate and provide example projects for training purposes.
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- H. Stoll, P. Zimmer, F. Hartmann, E. Sax
GPS-independent Localization for Off-road Vehicles Using Ultra-wideband (UWB)
In 2017 IEEE 20th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) (ITSC2017), 2017
Zusammenfassung:
At the present time, test and validation of autonomously driving vehicles cannot keep pace with their rapidly increasing popularity and development. This dilemma manifested in several incidents over the last years, revealing that suitable methodologies for test and validation of autonomous driving are needed. In order to develop and research test and validation strategies, a testbed for autonomous driving functionality is under development at our institute. This testbed contains an autonomous vehicle, which itself consists of different systems providing its autonomy. Key subsystems for this functionality are a path planning and a localization system, supplying the ability to determine the vehicle's position and future track as precisely as possible. In this paper we present a multi-sensorial localization solution suitable for test and validation of autonomous driving. Within this solution, a position is calculated based on time-of-flight measurement within a ultra wideband (UWB) network in addition to odometry and inertial measurements, using a tightly coupled extended Kalman filter with a constant turn rate and constant velocity (CTRV) model to determine the position. The main contribution of this paper is an experimental evaluation of a UWB-based GPS-independent localization solution achieving a localization accuracy of in median 0.25m with three anchors and up to 0.17m with seven anchors in dynamic driving situations.
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Zusammenfassung:
At the present time, test and validation of autonomously driving vehicles cannot keep pace with their rapidly increasing popularity and development. This dilemma manifested in several incidents over the last years, revealing that suitable methodologies for test and validation of autonomous driving are needed. In order to develop and research test and validation strategies, a testbed for autonomous driving functionality is under development at our institute. This testbed contains an autonomous vehicle, which itself consists of different systems providing its autonomy. Key subsystems for this functionality are a path planning and a localization system, supplying the ability to determine the vehicle's position and future track as precisely as possible. In this paper we present a multi-sensorial localization solution suitable for test and validation of autonomous driving. Within this solution, a position is calculated based on time-of-flight measurement within a ultra wideband (UWB) network in addition to odometry and inertial measurements, using a tightly coupled extended Kalman filter with a constant turn rate and constant velocity (CTRV) model to determine the position. The main contribution of this paper is an experimental evaluation of a UWB-based GPS-independent localization solution achieving a localization accuracy of in median 0.25m with three anchors and up to 0.17m with seven anchors in dynamic driving situations.
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- S. Ilahi, S. Ellwanger, A. Lauber, E. Sax
Video Transmission for Autonomous Truck Platoons using WLAN Broadcast
In 12th ITS European Congress, 2017
Zusammenfassung:
In a bid to improve economic growth, welfare and safety on highways, the Netherlands has called on number of European Union (EU) states to start implementing innovative ideas for fully autonomous truck platoons which will improve safety, environment and fuel efficiency. As a safety requirement, leading truck must transmit a video stream from front mounted camera to the following trucks. This paper proposes a video broadcast system for this high bandwidth application. Instead of consuming IEEE 802.11p channel, a video stream is broadcasted on publicly available Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). This system allows multiple receivers to process the stream without a need of intermediate nodes for multi-hop architecture or ground infrastructure. The system is tested on Stuttgart’s highways, therefore real world results of video quality and time delays are given.
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Zusammenfassung:
In a bid to improve economic growth, welfare and safety on highways, the Netherlands has called on number of European Union (EU) states to start implementing innovative ideas for fully autonomous truck platoons which will improve safety, environment and fuel efficiency. As a safety requirement, leading truck must transmit a video stream from front mounted camera to the following trucks. This paper proposes a video broadcast system for this high bandwidth application. Instead of consuming IEEE 802.11p channel, a video stream is broadcasted on publicly available Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). This system allows multiple receivers to process the stream without a need of intermediate nodes for multi-hop architecture or ground infrastructure. The system is tested on Stuttgart’s highways, therefore real world results of video quality and time delays are given.
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- A. Lauber, E. Sax
Testing Security of Embedded Software through Virtual Processor Instrumentation
In International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV), S. 996-1005, 2017
Zusammenfassung:
More and more functionality that demands remote access on a vehicle is in-tegrated into modern cars. Fleet management, infotainment, updates-over-the-air and the upcoming functionality for autonomous driving need gate-ways that enable a car-2-x communication. Misuse is a threat. Consequently, security mechanisms play an increasing important role. But how can we show and prove the effectiveness of these security functions?
Therefore, in this paper we will show an approach to test security aspects, based on virtual instrumentation. The approach is to use a framework that executes the application under development on a virtual model of the target micro controller. An interception library generates scenarios systematically, whereas the effects on registers and memory are monitored. We are inter-cepting the running software at vulnerable functions and variables to detect potential malfunctions. This will detect security vulnerabilities of all internal failure even if no malicious behavior at the interfaces occur.
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Zusammenfassung:
More and more functionality that demands remote access on a vehicle is in-tegrated into modern cars. Fleet management, infotainment, updates-over-the-air and the upcoming functionality for autonomous driving need gate-ways that enable a car-2-x communication. Misuse is a threat. Consequently, security mechanisms play an increasing important role. But how can we show and prove the effectiveness of these security functions?
Therefore, in this paper we will show an approach to test security aspects, based on virtual instrumentation. The approach is to use a framework that executes the application under development on a virtual model of the target micro controller. An interception library generates scenarios systematically, whereas the effects on registers and memory are monitored. We are inter-cepting the running software at vulnerable functions and variables to detect potential malfunctions. This will detect security vulnerabilities of all internal failure even if no malicious behavior at the interfaces occur.
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